Foreign Powers Influence On China - 2256 Words

1900s China saw a century of fluctuating development and progress, which is recognised through various political, economic and social changes. The early division of the period encountered some change for the country yet this was not as significant as the latter change in which China’s political landscape metamorphosed into one of total contrast to the former. Foreign intervention was of course a reason and usually the root cause for the changes that occurred, particularly in the first half of the century until 1962 whereby there were still some minor influences by the foreigners but other factors seemed to have caused these later changes. It could be deduced that yes, foreign powers did have a significant influence over the transformation†¦show more content†¦It is in fact plausible that foreign intervention played a role in influencing some of the change between 1900-1912. The introduction of such heavily influenced western reforms resulted in further hatred of the f oreign occupiers and thus sparking the launch of an anti-westerners campaign, known as the Boxer Rebellion. Consequences of tighter western controls took place, including further foreign presence and involvement, which was explicit in the humiliating imposition of punitive measures. These sanctions consisted of a $450 million reparation, weaponry destroyed and the permanent stationing of foreign troops in and around Beijing. The punishments brought about an atmosphere of utter embarrassment and fear but also encouraged a lack of distrust in the Manchus; the event validated the imperial government’s incapability to lead China to liberation. Although the financial cost caused some apprehension, it didn’t amount to economic turmoil – the penalties actually caused a change in the nation’s perception towards the Manchu dynasty as opposed to an economic transformation. The reparations led the Chinese to have an increasingly negative stance towards the dynasty, diminishing any respect the imperial rulers upheld. The greatest political change in the period actually seemed to have occurred in reaction to the Wuhan Uprising. Much to China’s disgust, the Manchus acquired a monetary loan from the West in order to nationalise the railways, and

No Color Barrier in Mark Twains The Adventures of...

No Color Barrier in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn I felt so lonesome I most wished I was dead (221). Mark Twains, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is a tale about a boy in search for a family and a place he can truly call home. Through his adventure, he rids himself of a father that is deemed despicable by society, and he gains a father that society hasnt even deemed as a man. This lonely and depressed young boy only finds true happiness when he is befriended with a slave named Jim. Although Huck Finn was born and raised into a racially oppressive society, it is through his personal growth that he realizes that the color of skin does not make a man, and he finds a father and true†¦show more content†¦Heres Huck [...] he haint got no family [...]. They was going to rule me out because they said every boy must have a family [...]. I was most ready to cry (224). This feeling of disparity and loneliness is reiterated to the reader because Huck will only be content as he befriends Jim. Huck is raised in a truly racist slave state and through his ignorance, like the rest of society that surrounds him, he does not see black people as equals, and he refers to Jim as merely a piece of property. Miss Watsons big [slave], named Jim (222). Twain clearly implies Hucks view of superiority over Jim, as Huck complains that Jim is no longer a useful slave because he gossips too much. Jim said the witches bewitched him and put him in a trance [....slaves] would come moles to hear Jim tell about it [...]. Jim was most ruined for a servant, because he got so stuck up on account of having seen the devil and been rode by witches (223). Twain depicts this view from Huck, so the reader had a reference point for Hucks personal growth throughout the tale. He then continues to show the reader that Huck has no regards for Jim as Huck asks Jim to tell him his fortune, but he refuses to give Jim any money forShow MoreRelatedThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain2083 Words   |  9 PagesSatire in Huckleberry Fi nn In the novel â€Å"The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† by Mark Twain, we are told a story about a young boy and his slave companion’s journey down the Mississippi River and all of their encounters with other characters. Twain constructed a beautiful narrative on how young Huck Finn, the protagonist in the story, learns about the world and from other adult characters, how he is shaped into his own person. At the time this book was made however, this novel provided serious socialRead MoreNegative Influence Of Huck Finn1360 Words   |  6 PagesMark Twain’s â€Å"Huck Finn† â€Å"Huck Finn† story can be a debatable when it comes to history, and what the story is about. 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In recent years especially, there has been an increasing debate over what some will call the racist ideas in the novel. In some cases the novel has even been banned by public school systems and censored by publicRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1264 Words   |  6 PagesMark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most famously argumentative narrative novels in American literature. It is a greatly widespread read book in America. However, when released, it was greeted with skepticisms and disapproval from whites and, decades later, it is met with harsher criticism from African Americans. Though a literary masterpiece, the novel has been the talk of many controversial topics. During the times of Huckleberry Finn, a familial relationship between aRead MoreMark Twain s The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn2561 Words   |  11 Pagesidea of unlawful enslavement was discussed. Mark Twain contributed to the discussion of post-Civil War racism with his novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. In this novel, Jim, an escaped slave, is freed via his owner’s death, however, he is left in limbo; similar to the prevailing racism in America. Because Jim, although he is free, remains susceptible to antebellum racism at the end of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain’s novel illustrates the problems facing modernRead MoreHuck Finn1657 Words   |  7 Pagesso lonesome I most wished I was dead (221). Mark Twains, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is a tale about a boy in search for a family and a place he can truly call home. Through his adventure, he rids himself of a father that is deemed despicable by society, and he gains a father that society hasnt even deemed as a man. This lonely and depressed young boy only finds true happiness when he is befriended with a slave named Jim. Although Huck Finn was born and raised into a racially oppressiveRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesfive-stage structure is repeated in many of the individual chapters, while the novel as a whole builds on a series of increasing con flicts and crises. Such a structure is found both in such classics of fiction as Flaubert’s â€Å"Madame Bovary† and in the adventure thrillers of Alistar MacLean. EXPOSITION: The exposition is the beginning section in which the author provides the necessary background information, sets the scene, establishes the situation, and dates the action. It may also introduce the charactersRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pageseat at the same table with him, and a fountain clerk in St. Louis refused to serve him a soft drink. He dealt with these slights the way he would his entire life: He turned away quietly. But Langston decided that instead of running away from the color line and hating himself for being black, like his father had, he would write about the real-life experiences of black people. He was determined to write stories about Negroes, so true that people in faraway lands would read them. James Langston

Edgar Allen Poe The Raven Essay Example For Students

Edgar Allen Poe: The Raven Essay Creating the Melancholic Tone in The Raven Edgar Allan Poes The Raven, representing Poes own introverted crisis of hell, is unusually moving and attractive to the reader. In his essay entitled The Philosophy of Composition, Poe reveals his purpose in writing The Raven and also describes the work of composing the poem as being carefully calculated in all aspects. Of all melancholy topics, Poe wished to use the one that was universally understood, death; specifically death involving a beautiful woman. The apparent tone in Edgar Allan Poes The Raven seemingly represents a very painful condition of mind, an intellect sensitive to madness and the abyss of melancholy brought upon by the death of a beloved lady. The parallelism of Poes own personal problems, with those of the narrator in The Raven, his calculated use of symbolism, and the articulation of language through the use of the ravens refrain, the reader becomes aware of Poes prominent tone of melancholy. A strong device for the melancholic tone in The Raven is Poes use of the first person. Poe used the first person by virtue of the situations in The Raven taking direct influence from Poes life experiences. Among many other misfortunes, including living a life of poverty and being orphaned at a young age, Poes beloved wife Virginnia, died after a long illness. The narrators sorrow for the lost Lenore is paralleled with Poes own grief regarding the death of his wife. Confined in the chamber are memories of her who had frequented it. These ghostly recollections cultivate an enormous motive in the reader to know and be relieved of the bewilderment that plagues the narrator and consequently Poe himself; the narrator ponders whether he will see his wife in the afterlife. After Virginnias lingering death, Poe tried to relieve his grief by drinking. A parallelism is formed in The Raven between the condescending actions of the raven towards the narrator and the taunting of alcohol towards Poe. The raven condescends that Poe will never see his lost love again when uttering forget this lost Lenore (83). Alcohol taunts Poe into ceaseless depression and caused Poe to have a life-long problem with alcoholism, which eventually led to his death. In a similar manner to which the alcohol explored Poes inner devastation, the raven delves into exploration of the narrators innermost fears that he will never see his Lenore again. Lenore, a source for conjuring up the imaginative domain in the persona, is a compulsion that excites the narrators mind into mundane questioning. In the first stanza, questioning from what direction the tapping came, he throws open the door, the narrators nemesis not to be found. Some other realm must be explored if he is to ascertain something about his lost love and the noise which is driving him insane. The narrator then opens the shutter, opening his soul to the outside world. To his surprise, he discovers a raven, a beast upon the sculptured bust above his chamber door (53). The raven directs all further action in the poem, it ridicules and patronizes the narrator throughout the composition and its evil force permeates the air and induces suffering and anguish within the character. Emotions culminate with the attainment of a climax as the narrator faces his confused and disordered world. The narrator, in his madness, shrieks, Get thee back into the tempest and the Nights Plutonian shore! (98). Poes calculated use of symbolism was influential in establishing the literary reputation of The Raven. The raven is established as a symbol for the narrators mournful and ceaseless remembrance of his lost love. .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac , .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac .postImageUrl , .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac , .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac:hover , .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac:visited , .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac:active { border:0!important; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac:active , .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue750ac56a86566e3528abe2b51bffaac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Uncle Toms Cabin Argumentative Essay The raven is of significant importance to the melancholic theme because it is often seen as being a harbinger of death. Another obvious symbol is the bust of Pallas, the Goddess of Wisdom. This use is symbolic as it leads the narrator to believe that the raven speaks from wisdom. When Poe writes, . ..distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December.. ., he is illustrating a less obvious (7). Both midnight and December symbolize closure, as midnight is the last hour of the day and December is the last month of the year. Midnight and December also represent the anticipation of something new, a change to happen. Symbolism can also be seen in the examination of the chamber. The chamber in which the narrator is positioned is used to signify the loneliness of the man, and the sorrow he feels from the loss of Lenore. The room is richly furnished, and reminds the narrator of his lost love, which helps to create an effect of beauty in the poem. The tempest outside is used to accentuate the isolation of the man, to show a sharp contrast between the calmness in the chamber and the tempestuous night. The articulation of language through the use of the raven and its refrain is also utilized to produce the melancholic tone in The Raven. In the poem it is important that the answers to the questions are already known, to illustrate the self-torture to which the narrator endures. Repetition of Nevermore impedes the speakers mindfulness in all actions, and baffles him into a victimized state of mind. The ravens utterance of language, especially the sole phrase in the refrain is crucial, for the exchange of conversation would not advance without the persona having something to respond to. The poem has a series of consecutive stanzas ending with the line Quoth the Raven Nevermore, which serves to establish the unchangeable supremacy of the raven, and founds the melancholic condition of the man. Articulation of Nevermore also emphasizes the features of the word itself, specifically its meaning. Through focusing on the raven and its raspy Nevermore, an effect is developed that highlights a gloomy and depressed state of mind. A refrain is used throughout Edgar Allan Poes The Raven, to underscore the developing tone of melancholy. The refrain accomplishes this accentuation through its creation of an awareness of the inevitable; realizing that the ravens response to any questions posed will be Nevermore, the character inquires about his lost love, the rare amd radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore, perhaps purposefully to experience further torture and anguish (95). Through The Raven, Poe makes a personal, introverted hell strangely mesmerizing and tasteful to all. The Gothic tone of The Raven, as explained by Poe in his essay entitled The Philosophy of Composition, has greatly influenced my own and presumably other readers understanding of literature with regards to probing of the realms of madness and melancholy. Poes haunting linguistic descriptions, unnerving parallelism between his life and the poem, and alarming yet purposeful exploration of symbolism and situation, draws the reader into spheres of insanity which at once explores the soul and pleases the reader. Words/ Pages : 1,126 / 24

Statement of the Problem Essay Example

Statement of the Problem Essay Steven Brockleyn is a very successful Entrepreneur who has successfully invested into every Market. He has worked with several other Businessmen and has amassed a huge fortune. He is very recognised among fellow Businessmen. Steven is about is about to launch a new chain of Clothes Store and wants to advertise the Shop extensively. On the Day the Store opens he will organise a Party. This Store will have several Celebrities coming to the Opening Party and so there will need to be a Ticketing System organised. He doesnt have the Time to organise this Party nor has he the Time to publicise his Store extensively enough. Steven Brockleyn needs an effective and quick way to publicise his Shop and to arrange a Ticketing System. Steven will allow a lot of Money to be spent however the Event has to be a big success so Steven doesnt lose any Money. I have been recruited to help Steven make the Programmes, Banners, Information Cards and Tickets. We will write a custom essay sample on Statement of the Problem specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Statement of the Problem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Statement of the Problem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Steven Brockleyn was originally suggesting that there should be a stand where all the Information Cards will be displayed for Collection, where the Tickets will be sold and the Banners will be displayed by the Stand. Consideration of Alternative Solutions == A Stand could be set up which has all the Information Cards and these Cards will be handed out. A Banner will be publicized and Tickets will be sold from the Stand. The Problem with this Idea is that the amount of People who will receive this Information will not be very substantial. This will be due to the Fact that the Stand can only serve the People that pass the Place and request the Information will have a Chance to receive the Information. The Cards, Banners, Tickets and Programmes will all be hand-made and colour-copied. The hand-made Publications will be very likely to have Errors. The Publications will also look very unprofessional and as Celebrities will be coming to this Event it would be very bad for Steve Brockleyn to use such cheap Methods to publicise this Event. == A Word Processing Program could be used to type up the Programs. The Word Processor will allow easy typing up of the Program and will allow easy making of the Banner. However the Information Cards will be very hard to produce as the Pictures and the size of the Card will be a Problem to print as you will have to order special Business Card Paper which has been sectioned. Also in a Word Processor it will be hard to combine the Pictures and Text in a presentable manner. The Word -Processor will also make it hard to insert Pictures as you have to specify the type of way the Text will Wrap around the Picture and this could make it very hard to insert several therefore it wont allow the Publication to have enough Pictures and so will deter Customers from viewing the Publication in the first Place. ==; A Desktop Publishing Package could be used to easily make the Banners, Tickets, Programmes and Cards. The DPP is very useful for this as it designed especially for Publications like the ones needed. DPPs are also very flexible in their Use; they can be used to word process and to launch Websites unto the Internet. DPPs also have a wide range of Wizards which can help a lot with creating the Publications especially if the maker of the System is inexperienced with using Computers. However DPP isnt suited to typing in large amounts of Text so to type in Text you have to insert a Text Box. This could result in several Text Boxes being needed and this will waste Space on the Page. Justification of Proposed Solution The DPP Choice would be the most intelligent Decision. It is much easier to insert Pictures and to type in Text than a Word-Processor however a DPP interface is much more confusing than the Interface for a Word-Processing Program. Making the Publications by Hand is far too unprofessional and could be very poorly presented. This totally rules it out. The DPP also allows the Publications have several Wizards making it so easy to understand and use the DPP. Word-Processing Programs tend to have more typing orientated Wizards e.g. to type a Letter. The DPP also allows flexibility as to what can be done. You can make a Program using both sides of the Page just by telling the DPP thats what you want. However with a Word-Processor it needs to be done manually i.e. take out the Paper and put it into the Printer reverse side up. User Requirements 1. The Program must include the Address and Opening Times of the Store. 2. The Information Card must not be bigger than a standard Pocket Size. 3. The Cards should be printed an A4 Sheet. 4. The Program should not have Text smaller than 12pt. 5. The Program should not have more than 80 words on each Page. 6. The Ticket must have a Seat Number. 7. The Banner must have Address, Opening Times and Ticket Price printed on. 8. On the Information Card the Details have to be printed in no less than 10pt. 9. The Publications must have the Logo on them in the same place. 10. The Banner should not be longer than 6 Sheets long. 11. The Ticket should feature a Thank-you Message to the Buyer. Analyse Appropriate Software and Hardware Microsoft Publisher is probably the most popular Desktop Publishing Programme; however there are several different Desktop Publisher Packages and each of them have several different advantages that they can be used for. Microsoft Publisher is works best when used with Microsoft Windows and other Windows Applications Microsoft Windows XP will be the most extravagant Operating System we can find at a reasonable Price. Microsoft Windows XP includes Microsoft Publisher XP. Microsoft Publisher XP has a huge variety of Functions compared to other DPPs. Publisher XP is also the easiest to use as the Interface is very friendly. Another Program that could be used is Broderbund Print Shop Deluxe. This is also a DPP but this DPP is meant more for making Birthday Cards, Greeting Cards etc Microsoft Publisher XP is more formal than Print Shop Deluxe and would be the obvious in response to Stevens needs. Pictures will need to be manipulated to be put into the Publications and a Paint Package will be needed for this. There are several Paint Packages that could be used. All the Paint Packages available do the same thing so it wont make a difference which Paint Package is chosen. Microsoft Paint comes free with Microsoft Windows XP. This makes this makes it very easy to get Microsoft Paint as once we have Microsoft Windows installed Microsoft Paint will be installed. Also Microsoft Paint interacts very easily with Microsoft Publisher and uses the same Picture File Types. A Device will be needed to get Pictures of Goods within the Shop. A Scanner could be used or a Web Camera could be used to take Pictures of the Goods. A Scanner wont be very useful in this Situation as to scan you need to already have a Picture. A Web Cam is very unsuitable as it doesnt have enough pixels to allow a good, viewable Image to be seen. A Digital Camera would be the best Option as it has a huge range you can buy and even the cheapest Digital Camera would give you a good viewable Image. A basic CPU will be needed and this CPU would have to be of a reasonable Speed. A Keyboard, Monitor and Mouse will be needed to construct the System. A Laser Printer will be needed to print out the Publication. The Laser Printer will produce a very good Picture and is also very fast. It is however expensive to purchase a LaserJet Printer and the Ink used is very expensive compared to other Ink Cartridges available. Data required and its source The Data required will be Graphics: Pictures of the Goods within the Store. This will be used for mainly to put on the Cards, Banners and the Programme. Graphics will bring in the Audience and will prove the deciding Factor to, potential Buyers of the Product. The Graphics will be obtained from Pictures taken by the Digital Camera. The Pictures taken were of the Goods within the Store. Text Data will also be required as it will provide the Information needed to find the Store, know its Opening Times, to know Ticketing Information etc. The Text Data will come from several Sources including Steven himself. The Text is the most important Data Type needed in the Publication. All the Data needed, will be taken from Steven. Data manipulation The Graphical Data will be manipulated in Microsoft Paint to fit the needs in the Publication. These will be Pictures of Goods within the Store which will be implemented into the intended Publications. The Pictures will be fitted into a Picture Frame which will be predefined before the Picture is obtained. A Logo for the Store will be scanned in and manipulated and copied unto each Publication creating a Uniform Look. The Logo will also be fitted into a Frame which will already be implemented into the Publication. The Text Data that Steven will inform me to write into the Publication will be typed up and if necessary linked Text Boxes will be used. The Text will be typed up using different Fonts for each Piece of Writing. Numerical Data will be used to define Dates, Times and Prices. The Font used will be very different in each Situation. Flow of data Most of the Data that will be needed will come from Steven. Steven will provide the Information which will be put into the Publications; however some of my own Judgement will be needed if there is a small Problem concerning the Publication or an Error by Steven which I can rectify. Using the Data Steven has provided I will make the Publications as close to his Specifications as possible. Then a Copy of the Publications will be sent back to Steven to evaluate. It will then be returned to me with any Corrections necessary being highlighted by Steven. Output All the Publications will be printed out using a Laser Printer; however each will have a different Format therefore require a different Printer Setting. All the Publications will be created using Microsoft Publisher. The Ticket will be printed on A6 Landscape Paper. The Paper used will be ordinary white Printing Paper. The Ticket will be colour printed and then colour printed as the Ticket has to be of a good Quality to reflect the riches of Steven. Colour printed Tickets will also look more attractive to the Buyers. The Banner will be printed on more Quality Paper as less Copies will be made therefore it wont be that expensive. The Quality will allow the colours to be more vibrant and will allow the Adverts to be more productive. The Programme will be printed on normal A4 Paper and will be photo-copied in colour. These programs will be given to all the entrants and will have a lot of Information on them thats why it will be A4 Size. Backup/Security strategy Every Week the System will be checked for Viruses to stop anything happening to the Publications on the Computer. Design I am going to design a Ticket for Entry to the Event. This Ticket will have be landscape on A6 size Paper but will also require a good Design to be printed on it. The Banner will be an A3 size and will be printed in colour. Glossy Paper will be used so it will appear more colourful than the Ticket or the Program. The Program will also be printed in colour. The Banner will be printed on glossy paper in colour and will include Pictures of goods gained by the Digital Camera. The Banner will also have Opening times and Party Information. Breakdown of Solution into Subtasks Make a detailed list of subtasks which will help you to complete the entire system to the exact specification you laid out in your user requirements. Explain how you will meet each requirement you set out to fulfil. Week Activity Week 1 All the digital Pictures will be collected and prepared for use on the Computers. The Computer will be assembled and all necessary Files installed. Week 2 The Designs will be drawn ready to send them to Steven Brockleyn. Week 3 The Designs will be sent off to Steven for Evaluation. He will then send them back with Comments. These Comments will be acted upon. Week 4 Test Plan A FULL and effective test plan should be drawn up which tests every detail of your system. You will have had several things go wrong in designing your system so write them down and include them as tests which you can later on, describe how you corrected them for extra marks. Show what you will test, and give the test data that you will use to test it. Explain what your expected results should be. Where you have used validation, verification or added default values, you should test this to its extreme. Remember: The aim of testing is try your hardest to make your system go wrong! Test Purpose of Test Expected Result 1 To see if Publications are photocopiable. The Publications should come out readable. 2 Implementation Changes to Final Design Make a detailed note of any changes you made to your final designs when you developed the system. Explain why these changes were necessary. You are bound to have made some changes. On the Business Card I added a Picture in the Top to make it more interesting before it was just empty Space. The Picture will be of a Bag and the Bag looks good printed in black and white Evidence of Implementation Print out a copy of everything that you have made. Include all slides, tables, forms, reports, queries, menu screens, formulae, worksheets, leaflets, posters depending on the projects you are doing. Annotate the printouts to show the sequence of development, any errors you found and corrected, and any improvements you have already identified. You could include some earlier drafts of whatever you are doing to show the sequence of development. You will also need to explain any complicated or clever things that you have added. These may not be obvious just by looking at the printouts. Test Results Your test results should include a detailed comparison between the expected result and the actual result. In addition to this you need to include a screenshot as evidence that the test was carried out. The screenshot can then be annotated to further explain anything. Test Purpose of Test Expected Result Actual Result 1 Test to see that a product record can be entered using the Products form Product details should be stored in Products Table. Product details stored successfully in tblProduct. 2 Evidence of Testing Publisher Only: Instead of showing screenshots, you can actually print out your publications and annotate these. Error Correction You WILL have some errors appear in your testing. It is very unlikely that any system will work perfectly first time. You must show screenshot evidence of these errors occurring, an explanation of how you fixed them and more evidence of you re-testing to check that they work after correction. Evaluation Do not let yourself down by rushing this last section. It is worth 121/2 % of your mark and could be the difference between 2 grades. Evaluation of User Requirements Refer to each objective that you wrote in your Identify section and critically evaluate each one separately in a new paragraph. A few lines for each is usually sufficient unless you have something of real discussion for that objective. You do not have to prove that you met all of your objectives or that you have produced the most perfect system but you do need to give a detailed evaluation of how well you met that requirements why you think so or not. User Feedback Your users feedback has to useful, critical comments with some of their suggestions for improvement. This could be in the form of a questionnaire that you compile a letter or some quotes from an interview which you conducted with them. Suggestions for Further Improvement You need to come up with some of you own suggestions for improvement and discuss how these would improve the current system if you actually had the opportunity to make them. You also need to take the users comments for improvement into account as well and discuss how you would implement these if you had the chance.

Tank and Equipment Game Description Essays

Tank and Equipment Game Description Essays Tank and Equipment Game Description Essay Tank and Equipment Game Description Essay Looking for free Android game? Dont want to spend more money buying full versions? We can help you! At Mob. org you can find thousands of new games. Apk files are very easy to install, Just a few seconds and you will enjoy the game. All content is ordered in categories: gambling, arcade, action, rpg and many more. Just select model of your tablet or phone (e. g. Samsung Galaxy Note, Motorola Droid, HTC Desire etc. ) in the right panel, and our system will select you the most appropriate files. If you are searching for Android tablet games, it will be more convenient to sort iles by OS version. And remember, totally free mobile content is only at Mob. org! Game Description: Blitzkrieg MMO: Tank battles an online strategy, which will plunge you into the world of WW2. Features: Realistic graphics and sound Different types of tanks Possibility of improvement of equipment Game Description: Blitzkrieg MMO: Tank battles an online strategy, which will plunge you into the world of WW2. Order:Game Description: Connect beams of the laser to destroy all red elements, and to become a champion of Beam team. 100 levels in History mode 50 levels with 2 players Bright pixel graphics

How to Write a Memoir 13 Key Elements of a Memoir You Need

How to Write a Memoir 13 Key Elements of a Memoir You Need How to Write a Memoir: 13 Key Elements of a Memoir You Need Learning how to write a memoir might seem simpleYou may think it easy to jot down details about your life in a cohesive, entertaining fashionbut there’s quite a bit more to.And you probably dont even know what youre missing.Memoirs can be very complex pieces of work. It takes a lot of skill and craft to be able to write down intimate details about your life for others to read and learn from. Which means learning how to write a memoir can be really hard.But the great part?Writing a memoir is both empowering and rewarding, and when broken down into these feasible steps, it’s something you can learn to master in no time.Heres how to write a memoir in 13 steps:Choose your memoir themeList associating memoriesAdd others related memoriesWrite your memoir truthfullyShow, dont tell in your memoirGet vulnerableMake connections with each storyAdd the impact in your life todayPut your personality into itWrite a memoir you want to readHow many people can say they wrote a book detai ling the most impactful moments of their lives?Not many.And by taking this leap and diving head first into your memories and entire life, you’re reaching new heights for yourself and you may even enlighten others by the end of your journey. What is a memoir?A memoir is a historical account or biography written from personal knowledge or special sources. Its a book about your life, the lessons learned, and key moments that shaped who you are.We all typically think of a memoir and cringe a little at the idea of a book about someone else’s life. But that’s not all a memoir is!Essentially, this is a book written by you about key moments in your life. You bring your memories to life in order to touch on an overarching message others can learn and grow from.Its like the highlight reel from your diary (if you ever had one) about the experiences that shaped your life.NOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing p rocess in our VIP Self-Publishing Program. Learn more about it hereWhat Qualifies as a Memoir?A memoir is unique in the fact that it covers your lifes events in a more story-like structure with an overarching theme or messaged written in.This means that how tos, motivational books, and other topics dont qualify as a memoir. Memoirs are very specific in the sense that it accounts for the entirety of your life with an emphasis on stories and impactful moments that lead to a great purpose.Writing a memoir is both empowering and rewarding, and when broken down into these feasible steps, it’s something you can learn to master in no time.Click To TweetMemoir DefinitionA memoir is a historical account written with personal knowledge and experience covering the lifetime of an individual, usually with a greater purpose or message within it.How is this different than an autobiography? I know what you’re thinking, â€Å"Aren’t they the same thing?†With so many genre s and writing terminology out there, knowing the differences between a memoir vs autobiography, (aka works of writing that are basicall the same) can be confusing.They’re both about someone’s life written by themselves, right? Right.But they do differ in a single way that really makes a memoir vs an autobiography completely different in terms of their end results.A memoir typically covers one aspect of a writer’s life (or a continuous theme through memories), while an autobiography is a chronological account of the writer’s life.So if you want to write a play-by-play of your entire life from the moment you popped into this world to the very second you started writing, you’d write an autobiography.But if you’re looking to share a profound message with the world through your own real-life experiences, you’ll write a memoir. How to Write a Memoir with Meaning and InfluenceWriting a memoir can not only be a valuable experience for you, bu t the impact it may have on other people is astounding too.You have a life worth something. You have experiences that led you to a very specific place in life, and you know what?Others have undoubtedly been in your shoes before and will benefit from you writing a book.Essentially, you can teach others how to get through what you did or even how to learn from their own journeys just as you have yours.That’s the meaning of a memoir and its influence knows no bounds.What are theKeyElementsofaMemoir?Writing a memoir can be difficult simply because it’s about your life. Somehow, we find it too hard to put our own lives into words through a meaningful message.How do you really sum up an accumulation of years and years of experience in only a couple hundred pages?We’ll help you learn how to write a memoir worth reading and sharing.History is written by the victors, but its victims who write the memoirs. ― Carol TavrisClick To Tweet#1 Choose your focus or theme A memoir isn’t just a list of all the experiences in your life. If it were, you’d call it an autobiography.What sets memoirs apart from a simple retelling of your life is an overarching theme or message that others can take away from it and that you personally learned from the stories you share.Think about what you want others to take away from reading your memoir.What will they learn or realize or gain from reading about your life? You can ask yourself those very same questions about your life to find the answers.What have you learned throughout your life? What’s the number 1 message that your experiences have taught you?Once you have that big, broad idea, the real work begins.#2 List all associating memoriesIt’s time to do a little mind mapping.Now that you know the overall theme and message of your memoir and what will set it apart, you have to connect the dots of your life to that core focus.Here are a few areas to think about specifically to help j og some of those memories in order to help you know how to write a memoir worth reading: There are so many areas that have a direct influence over how you perceive life as a whole. You just have to do a little digging to spark some specific memories that can circle back to the overarching theme of your memoir.#3 Add others’ related storiesI know this is a book about yourlife but it never hurts to back up your own experiences with someone else’s or many other people’s.Knowing how to write a memoir involves knowing when your message will be loudest. And that’s often with additional stories from others.Sometimes you cant always get the message across if only you have experienced it. To get readers to relate, you might have to show them that many people experience the same thing.One of the most powerful connections you can make to benefit from the message of your memoir is to show your readers that it’s not just you.Others have gone through the same situations you have and came out with the same perspective.This one requires some extensiv e research (and maybe even an interview or two), but possessing the ability to be credible in your readers’ eyes is crucial. And obviously, youll want to make sure youre using their experiences legally in your memoir.You can even interview family or friends who might see an experience you share differently than you.Adding those details will strengthen your core message.Heres a checklist of what your memoir should include in order to complete and at its best:Elements of a MemoirDetailsIntroductionA snippet of what your life is like now and why you're writing this memoirCore theme/messageEach memoir should have an overall theme or message that one can take away when they've finished reading.HonestyWriting a memoir without honesty will come across on the pages. Readers will be able to tell and will be pulled out of the book because of this.Entertainment valueNobody wants to read a memoir that's written like a textbook. Create entertainment value through the stories you tell.Supp orting storiesBecause you have an overall theme, it needs supporting stories from your life to back it up.Intriguing writingOnce again, a memoir is still a book and therefore, it cannot read like a textbook. Great writing is necessary for a great book.Overall arcYour life has an arc and your memoir's purpose is to show this through lessons learned from start to end.#4 Write truthfullyOne of the hardest parts about writing a memoir is the fact that we tend to be a wee bit biased with ourselves.*Gasp* You don’t say!It’s true. Nobody really likes to admit their faults. It’s one thing to recognize when you were wrong in life, it’s another to actually write it down for the world to see.It’s hard. We want everyone to see the best version of ourselves and therefore, we leave out details or flat out lie to seem â€Å"better† in their eyes.But that’s not what makes a good memoir. In order to learn how to write a memoir that really touches peo ple in deep, emotional ways, you have to learn to be honest.#5 Show, don’t tellNo, this doesn’t mean you have to write a picture book. That’s not what â€Å"show† means in this case.When it comes to creating intrigue with your writing and trust me, you want to do this, especially for a memoir you have to write by showing, not telling.For the sake of brevity, I’ll just give you an overview of this writing technique, but if you’re interested in mastering the ability to pull readers in, you can check out this detailed explanation.Essentially, showing versus telling is the way in which you describe your experiences with an emphasis on emotion.But that doesn’t mean you should write down every feeling you had during a specific time. In fact, that’s what you want to avoid.We’ll cover this in more detail below,but heres agreatvideooutlining this method↓ #6 Get vulnerableMemoirs are not a time to distance yourself from your inner feelings.Quite the opposite, actually.It’s time to dig deep and show the world what kind of author you are through your life experiences by getting vulnerable.Open yourself up to the truth behind who you are today. If you shield yourself in any way, it’s going to be obvious on the pages of your memoir and therefore, not as effective.At first, you may want to cringe while writing certain memories but after a few days, you’ll find it easier to share your truth.And best of all? You’ll be happy you did.#7 Make connections with each storyYou have your focus, right? Having that overarching message is going to help you tie all of your memories together in a cohesive manner.Each story you tell whether it’s yours or someone else’s has to connect to your focus in order for that theme to come across to your readers.But they don’t all have to directly relate to your focus.Some experiences may have led you to moments of realization that then led you to other events that tie into the main message you want others to gain from reading your memoir.Think of it this way: you want to connect the dots so by the time the readeris finished, the message comes full circle.#8 Talk about how everything affects your life todayUsually, writing a memoir is about looking back on your life and determining how you made it to who you are today. What events lead to the very core of who you are right now?That means your memoir will include inside peeks into your life as you live it now.Each chapter should bring your readers back to your presents to EmulateSometimes its easier to learn by example. That way, you can fully comprehend what a memoir is in order to write your own.These are famous memoir examples:A Moveable Feast by Ernest HemingwayWest with the Night by Beryl MarkhamPersonal Memoirs of Ulysses S. Grant by Ulysses GrantOut of Africa by Isak DinesenThe Story of My Life by Helen KellerI Am Malala: The Girl Who Stood Up for Education and Was Shot by the Talibanby Malala YousafzaiReading Lolita in Tehranby Azar Nafisi.My Beloved Worldby Sonia SotomayorFun Homeby Alison BechdelHunger: A Memoir of (My) Bodyby Roxane GayMemoir examples by our own students:Mile-High Missionary: A Jungle Pilots Memoir by Jim ManleyWalking My Momma Home: Finding Love, Grace, and Acceptance Through the Labyrinth of Dementia by Kathy FloraPrayers, Punk Rock and Pastryby Chris StewartBare Naked Bravery: How to Be Creatively Courageous by Emily Ann PetersonShift Happens: Turning Your Stumbling Blocks into Stepping Stones by Jill RogersThis is the Story of Your LifeThe biggest takeaway here is that this is your story, it’s your life, and therefore, it should be told just as you want it to be.There’s nothing more freeing than having the ability to articulate your life experiences in a way that will truly speak to others and potentially change their lives.Do you want to change lives and help others through the same tur moil you’ve experienced? By self-publishing your memoir, you’ll be rewarded for all of your honest hard work with more than just additional income.You will be responsible for changing and shaping the lives of others.Start Your Memoir TODAY!The work doesn’t just stop when you learn how to write a memoir.In fact, it’s just beginning! Here are a few steps you can use to start your memoir and make some progress.#1 Begin your trainingIts NEVER too early to start working toward your dreams and goals of becoming an author. In fact, you shouldnt waste any time!

Genetic experimentation and development Research Paper - 3

Genetic experimentation and development - Research Paper Example The gene treatment has spared the family from a $60,000 annual bill for essential medication treatment without the gene treatment or therapy. As of late, sixteen coronary illness patients, who were truly waiting for death, got an answer through duplicates or copies of a gene that triggers vein development and growth by infusion direct into the heart. By developing fresh vessels around obstructed arteries, each of the sixteen patients’ demonstrated change and six were totally rid of agony. (Bohlin, n.d.) But this therapies were only used as a last resort, when all else failed. The most important question here is what about when genetic engineering is used other than life-threatening situations. For example, when it is used, by parents who can afford them, to genetically enhance the intelligence of their children or the physique of the person is changed according to his or her liking; thus, initiating a chaotic situation in our elite classes who may start a war to create the gen etically ‘perfect’ human beings. Thus the prospect of any equality between human beings would be eliminated altogether just because e.g. their parents were not able to afford a genetically enhanced mind. Coming towards the stem cell research, it has a lot of potential. A stem cell is a cell that can make precise duplicates of itself for an indefinite period of time. This cell can produce special cells for different tissues in the human body, for example, cerebrum tissue, heart muscle and liver tissue etc. These cells could be spared and utilized later to produce special cells, when required. (University of Maryland Medical Center, n.d.) But this is usually seen as a way of human cloning. But it has greater potential than that, for example, growing broken teeth or ruptured arteries or veins. The main question hair is that should genetic engineering be allowed for further development? Yes, it

The economic and environmental factors affecting USTs operations Coursework

The economic and environmental factors affecting USTs operations - Coursework Example The firm that is analyzed in the paper is UST Inc. UST Inc is involved in the manufacture of tobacco products which continue to be one of the oldest and most profitable industries. This fact has been borne out not only in the ratios but the fact that the company has been identified as the most profitable company in the United States by one of the most trusted sources – Forbes. The financial results speak to this fact. However, as in any industry there is competition and what has been happening is that even though the market is growing by 3.7% per annum UST has not been able to grow with it. This is due to the fact that the company has not been responding appropriately to the threats posed by its competitors. However, there are some environmental factors that have been affecting the company and so UST needs to answer these and other questions including: †¢ What environmental factors affect the operations of UST’s business? †¢ What business risks does the company face, †¢ Can the company undertake the recapitalisation process effectively? †¢ Why is UST considering recapitalisation and what would be the incremental effect on the company’s value? †¢ What other factors beyond interest rate shields should UST consider in assessing the value of its recapitalisation plan? The environmental factors include political/legal, economic, and social issues. In addition to industry factors these affect every business and should therefore be given due consideration. In terms of the political/legal aspects the tobacco industry has been faced with tough regulations. These have had a negative impact on the cigarette industry but much less on the moist smokeless tobacco. However, and restrictions have had a negative impact on the prospects for future growth in the industry. While being saddled with a $100 to $200 million over the next 10 years in payment as settlement in keeping with an agreement arrived at with Medicaid the company also face restrictions on its advertising and promotional campaign which is aimed at reducing the exposure of the youth population to tobacco products. Additionally, UST has a few litigations pending which is the nature of this industry. However, the smokeless tobacco industry has a much lower exposure to health related law-suits. The Medicaid settlement signifies a reduction in net income which cannot be recouped at this time when UST’s market share is declining. In terms of the economic issues although consumption has been increasing UST’s market share has been declining. The growth that has been exper ienced appears to be going to the company’s competitors. UST has a track record of growth and innovation but this has not been the case in recent times. The company is used to the practice of annual price increases – sometimes even twice per year but the competition will definitely prevent the company from doing so for most of its brands. This trend of increasing prices has been somewhat abated by the introduction of price-value brands by the company’s competitors. Although UST is large in comparison to its competitors and has a major share of the market the company has not responded the way that investors and analysts would like and so they are doubtful as to whether UST has not been able to respond in a timely and appropriate manner in order to regain its market share. Additionally, the resignation of the company’s chief financial officer (CFO) and the Director of Tobacco in 1997 is a signal to investors that something is fundamentally wrong on terms of both the companies manufacturing operations and its financial management which are two key areas. These are key persons within the company and who obviously would have impacted the company’s financial results. Like most other companies that are engaged in the production of goods the aim is to have products at each stage of the product lifecycle and to have products that will appeal to different groups.

Fundamentls of Entrepreneurship Essay Example for Free

Fundamentls of Entrepreneurship Essay Fundamental of entrepreneurship is an individual who takes initiative to bundle resource in innovative ways and is willing to bear the risk or uncertainty to act. The purpose of done this assignment to know and understand that entrepreneurship play role to started new business enterprise. Moreover, entrepreneur for started new enterprise that SPM JATI (cooking oil), need review performance of his business, identify strength and weaknesses, recommend a plan of action that will capitalize on the company’s strengths, and overcome its weaknesses and finally business existing performance could be maintained and strengthened. Without this cannot complete the task to started new business. Before I start my assignment, I had obtained some information from my lecture and I also get information about entrepreneurship from internet. Through internet I know that entrepreneur of review performance to started new enterprise that SPM JATI (cooking oil), strength and weaknesses, recommend a plan of action and business existing performance could be maintained and strengthened. Entrepreneurship must face all kind of problem and know need to solve the problem then only can achieve in business, if the entrepreneur run away from business it show he or she cannot face it the business and don’t know how to solve the problem. Task 1, is mention a bout review the performance of SPM JATI enterprise cooking oil. It’s easy to focus only on the day-to-day running of SPM JATI enterprise. It’s simply include business efficiency, financial position, business goals and conduct a customers and market analysis. Task 2, is indentify about SPM JATI enterprise, strength could be seen in terms of SPM JATI staff extremely polite and helpful and your competitor’s staff has very few customer-friendly attributes, products SPM JATI provides cooking oil, customers loyalty is demand, and location located at. And weakness, an object’s look every aspect of SPM JATI enterprise whether its products and service could be improved. Task 3, is analysis the company strengths and weaknesses. And how to overcome the weaknesses of company. Task 4 is talking about help jerry to investigate ways in which business existing performance could be maintained and strengthened Task 1: 2. 2 How would you review the performance of his business? 2. 1. 1 Introduction task 1 In this task talking about review the performance of business of SPM JATI Company. This task explains about operation management. Product planning, location planning, process planning, supply chain management and quality management. 2. 1. 2 Answer Review the performance of SPM JATI Enterprise cooking oil for financial position, it’s often fail because of poor financial management or a lack of planning. Often the business plan that was used to help raise finance is put on a shelf to gather dust. When it comes to SPM JATI Enterprise cooking oil business success, therefore, developing and implementing sound financial and management systems. . Product planning Product planning and product control work hand in hand to ensure that consumers get the products they want, when they want. Product planning involves evaluating the product and placement, price, package and position. SPM JATI cooking oil using product planning. Price must standard and the package look nice and the customer attract to the package. Location planning Location is also very important for service and manufacturing ventures, which have such costs as advertising, promotion and distribution that are a direct result on where they located. SPM JATI company location is very near customer and other shop also. Location has to be convenient for customers and their employees need adequate parking. That means locating near to key suppliers in areas for pick-up and deliveries. JATI company choosing the best location for business that us the first step to target the customers. Process planning A business plan is used when starting a new business or new product into market. SPM JATI cooking oil develops the products and maintains the products. SPM JATI cooking oil planning buys a new machine that is automotive packing machine to improve the business and supply in big scale. Supply chain management Supply chain management is the oversight materials information and finance as move in a process from supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to consumer. The product flow includes the movement of goods from a supplier to a customer as well as customer returns or service needs. SPM JATI cooking oil supply to wholesaler and the wholesaler supply to consumer this is supply hain management of SPM JATI cooking oil company. Quality management SPM JATI Company maintains the good name and reputation of the company. To gain a competitive advantage, many companies will implement a quality management system to ensure they produce the best products. 2. 1. 3 Conclusion The conclusion is when I do this question I got a lot of idea about the business and also I can understand very well about what is product planning, location planning, process planning, supply chain management and how much important to business. This steps all SPM JATI company follow and maintain the business Task 2: 2. 2 Help Jerry identify his company’s strength and weaknesses. 2. 2. 1 Introduction task 2 In this task discuss about SPM JATI company strengths and weakness. SPM JATI company strengths and weakness. SPM JATI Company strengths is understand consumer needs and provide high level customer service. Weakness is not enough workers in the company and also the labor costs very high. 2. 2. 2 Answer: The impacts of internal strengths and weaknesses on the success of the ‘subject’ of analysis. The internal strengths and weaknesses of you, your staff, your products, and your business. The internal strength that make’s organization more competitive than its marketplace peers. And the internal weaknesses with organization that will keep it from achieving its objectives; it is what an organization does poorly. Strength This involves looking at the strength and weaknesses of SPM JATIenterprise cooking oil. Internal strength of business SPM JATI enterprise cooking oil, could be seen in terms of SPM JATI enterprise staff, products, customers loyalty, processes, or location. SPM JATI enterprise cooking oil,strengthterms staffextremely polite and helpful, very important to be totally honest and realistic. Next products, cooking oil, customer loyalty is when a supplier received the reward of his efforts in interacting with his customer. Customer loyalty tends the customer to voluntarily choose a particular product against another for his needs. Location for SPM JATI enterprise are very good because very near to customer and wholesaler also. So when very near to customer the supply cost become low and can save money also. The name of company very popular everyone knows about JATI cooking oil and the products quality. JATI Company understands the consumer needs. JATI Companyprovides high level customer service. Have a presence in retail markets. And also the customer like and go for JATI cooking oil. Weakness Company weaknesses are a lack of resources or capabilities. SPM JATI Company has higher labor costs. Competitor who can have similar productivity from lower labor costs. SPM JATI also not enough workers and the management are not very good. 2. 2. 3 Conclusion In this task discuss about the company strengths and weakness. Explain about the SPM JATI company strengths and weakness. Task 3: 2. Following the analysis of the company strengths and weaknesses, recommend a plan of action that will capitalize on the company strengths, and overcome its weaknesses. 2. 3. 1 Introduction In this task discuss about the strengths and weakness of Jerry Company SPM JATI enterprise. So need to find out some step to help Jerry Company to improve. And also discuss the overcome company weakness. 2. 3. 2 Answer Company strengths The first strengths for jerry JATI Company are good name in market everyone know about the company and the brand. JATI Company provides high level customer service. Customer also likes to buy JATI products because customer likes the packing and the good service also. JATI Company supply goods time to time. Overcome company weakness After I discuss about strength and weakness of Jerry Company that is SPM JATI enterprise. Jerry can be try to improve the products and packing. Customer service is very important in business, Jerry Company must focus on customer service. First the weakness of SPM JATI Company is higher labor costs. After that SPM JATI company not enough workers in the company so cannot produce more products because very less worker. SPM JATI must take new worker for company and can produce more products. SPM JATI company have 3 lorry but that is not enough for supply goods because a lot of order from customer and wholesaler. So need to buy new lorry, for more supply goods for customer and the business also can develop if supply more goods for customer the company can make high profit. 2. 3. 3 Conclusion As a conclusion, I help to find the steps or ways to help Jerry Company to improve and do much better then now. Next is, found the ways to solve jerry company weakness Task 4 2. Jerry has bought you a one-week return ticket to his holiday home in Penang. He wants you to helpHim investigate ways in which the business existing performance could be maintained and strengthened. 2. 4. 1 Task 4 introduction In this task discuss about to help jerry investigate ways in which the business existing performance could maintained and strengthened. I help jerry how to improve the performance of SPM JATI Company. So for one-wee k I will take care jerry business and help him also to improve the business. 2. 4. 2 Answer The ways to improve the company performance I have help jerry to promote his company name and product. I do which customers buy a lot of JATI product they all get some gifts from company. Next is, I give some donation under JATI company name then only people know about the company and what they are selling or produce. This also one good type of advertising. If company name popular in market then all customer know about the company and the business sales also increase. And I ask jerry to do some offer or discount. When customer purchase JATI product the price be half price for few month, to promote the product. Another idea is make t-shirt for customer, like which shop sell a lot of JATI products give them t-shirt. 2. 4. 3 Conclusion Conclusion is, this is the ways to improve the company performance and steps. When jerry follow the steps above sure jerry company will be improve and success on his overall business performance and also can increase the business sales or monthly turnover can increase. This steps all are very good to business improve and can increase the production of the company so jerry must follow the ways to improve. But now Jerry Companyimproves ready, so for no problem for Jerry Company. I think Jerry Company does better sales and better business management. Because jerry know ready what is steps and ways to improve the company performance. 3. 0 Conclusion As a conclusion when I finish this whole assignment I can understand what is business strength and weaknesses. And how to take care the business and also how to solve the problem. So when jerry follows all the ways or steps of business, sure the business will successes and can make more profit. Every entrepreneur must know the business strength and weakness.

It’s Time for America to Build a Moonbase Essay -- Argumentative Persu

It’s Time for America to Build a Moonbase On May 25, 1961, Congress met in a joint session to hear the American president, John F. Kennedy, address them in a speech he referred to as a second State of the Union. In his speech, the young president geared America for a race that would send men to the moon. Kennedy challenged America to â€Å"take longer strides† and to take a â€Å"leading role in space achievement, which, in many ways, may hold the key to our future on earth† (Burrows 330-331). America rose to the challenge, and within a decade, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were walking on the moon, becoming the first of the human race to walk on a world besides our own. The giant strides of which Kennedy challenged us soon slowed to a crawl, however, and after a few more missions, America would not go back again, possibly for good. America would soon turn its attention to other earthly issues, and its moon program would become nothing more than a memory. This gives rise to an inevitable question : should humans return to the moon? This question has haunted us for years, continuously rising and then fading away again. In recent months, new discoveries have brought it to the forefront, and with these new discoveries, the answer becomes obvious: humans should once again set their sights for the heavens, and putting a civilian lunar base and colony on the moon should be our next step. Many reasons exist for such an undertaking, one being that the moon contains resources that could possibly be mined and used here on Earth for our own benefit – and profit. Also, the resources on the moon could be used as materials to build a lunar colony. The lunar crust is composed of many valuable elements, including uranium, ... ...nited Nations. United Nations Populations Information Network (POPIN). Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Revision of the World Population Estimates and Projections. United States. National Aeronautics & Space Administration. Lunar Base as a Precursor to Mars Exploration & Settlement. By Wendell W. Mendell. United States. National Aeronautics & Space Administration. Ice on the Moon – Mining the Gold. United States. National Aeronautics & Space Administration. Lunar Geology. â€Å"Agents Plot to Ship the Rich Into Outer Space.† Yahoo! News. 16 November 1999.

Causation of Crime- the Two Theories 1 Essay

The two theories I chose to compare and contrast are the Trait and Choice theories. These two theories explain why people commit crimes but differ in reasoning. I found that the main difference in between the two is that the choice theory states that if people want to commit a crime they will if the benefits outweighs the punishment. The trait theory differs because it deals with testosterone and whether or not people with lower IQ’s are more liable to commit crimes. When looking at the two theories you will see that the first theory is more straightforward and the second one leans more towards taking the blame away from the individual and placing it their traits. I like the fact that the choice theory states that if a person is going to commit a crime they are going to do it. Not only does this theory cover the fact that the person committing the crime weighs his or her options but might also do it out of enjoyment of act. The trait theory takes the responsibility away from the individual and places it on traits such as testosterone. I feel that this theory allows people to commit crimes and later on say that it was due to producing too much testosterone or use their IQ as an excuse to escape the fact that they committed a crime. Making the person accept responsibility for their actions it what should happen and the choice theory seems to lean more towards that as opposed to the trait theory. I would associate the guns and crime trend to the choice theory. The reason for this is because most people who commit crimes with guns already have the intention to use it. This means that they already made up their minds and have chosen to commit the crime. For instance gang crimes that involve guns, these individuals use guns, in their minds, to gain territory or even for retaliation. In a ten year span that covers 1997 -2007 there were 650 homicides (Krueger, 2007), this means that 650 times the people have made the conscious choice to kill someone. Out of those numbers, 290 of them have been by shootings (Krueger, 2007). That is some real food for thought when you add the choice theory into the equation. Gutierrez, K. (2007). Albuquerque metro area saw 54 homicides in 2007. Scripps Newspaper Group. Retrieved from: http://www. abqtrib. com.

Defining Literature: Frankenstein vs. Young Goodman Brown

The entire semester defining what Literature is has being the course’s quest. Literature is always changing; its definition has developed and changed from time to time. To find an exact definition of what is literature, it is like looking for a needle in a haystack. There have been several attempts to decipher this puzzle, in â€Å"What Is an Author† written by Michael Foucault, he emphasizes on the idea that an author exists only as a function of a written work. The author's name holds considerable power and serves as an anchor for interpreting a text. And â€Å"On the Sublime† written by Longinus, the writer states that the sublime implies that man can, in emotions and in language, transcend the limits of the human condition. This research paper consists in identifying the elements of literature by comparing two major pieces of work. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley warns that with the advent of science, natural questioning is not only futile, but dangerous. In attempting to discover the mysteries of life, Frankenstein assumes that he can act as God. He disrupts the natural order, and chaos ensues. In â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†, Hawthorne explores the nature of imagination and reality in this mysterious story by allowing the reader to actively question the reality of the night's events. He combines a multitude of elements into it creating a sense of mystery. The short story follows Goodman Brown’s journey resulting in his loss of faith. Literature allows the reader to feel, experience, and inhabit a character or place. It goes beyond the scope of everyday fiction, reaches new insights and allows the writer to reason with the audience. In Frankenstein the monster exemplifies the sublime written by Longinus. Shelley's descriptions of the monster and his actions coincide with Longinus’s definitions and his categories of obscurity, power, terror, difficulty and vastness, each of which facilitate sublime experiences: â€Å"the sources of all the good in us are also the sources of all the bad† (Longinus, 51). Throughout the story the monster attempts to make connections with human beings. During his encounter with the old man, De Lacey, the monster hopes that his disturbing appearance will not be an obstacle to his desire to talk to the old blind man. Without his vision, De Lacey cannot perceive the monster through any means beyond conversation and that works in the monster's favor. De Lacey calls the monster: â€Å"my best and only benefactor† (Shelley, 137), clearly showing that blindness creates the distance between the terrible monster and the man. De Lacey delights in his discourse with the monster, and continues to until the others returned and saw the monster's physical appearance, showing disgust and horror towards him. The monster instills great terror in the human character he encounters, but at the same time evokes feelings of astonishment, empathy, and caring. Longinus’ concept is also showed in Hawthorne’s â€Å"Young Goodman Brown†. The deep dark forest that Goodman Brown enters on his nighttime journey sets the stage for the doubt that consumes his mind for the remainder of his life. However, despite this, the reader witnesses the real ramifications that the events have on Brown's life, which in turn leads them to question the very concepts of imagination and reality. The society in the story strictly follows the rules and principles of its religion. Although Brown believes he is an upstanding person of a respectable family line, he allows his curiosity to betray his faith. Brown arrives late to his meeting with the evil figure and explains that: â€Å"Faith kept me back a while† (Gardner et. al, 4). Throughout the story, â€Å"Faith† represents the figure of his wife and the faith in man and religion. Brown hesitates because he realizes that his journey with this devilish being is sinful. Hawthorne creates a paranoid monster from the once innocent Goodman Brown and the natural setting regresses into an unsafe, unknown forest of evil. In â€Å"What Is an Author†, Foucault addresses the relationship between authors and text, emphasizing their role throughout the stories. From a very early age, Mary Shelley was surrounded by many powerful and influential writers, shaping her ideas as she grew and eventually leading to the writing of Frankenstein. The Romantics of her time were fascinated with dreams and Gothic nightmares which were seen as predictors of what could happen. In order to thoroughly understand the influences that affected Shelley's writing, specifically in Frankenstein, readers must have an adequate knowledge of a few key events in Mary's life. On the other hand, Nathaniel Hawthorne’s story is set in the 17th-century colonial American period, specifically in Salem, Massachusetts. According to James Mellow, Hawthorne was plagued by guilt by his grandfather’s role as a judge during this time. He wrote the story to vindicate his grandfather by featuring fictional victims of the witch trials who were witches and not innocent victims of the witch-hunt. Another major theme for both stories is the pursuit of knowledge. In Frankenstein, Victor is absorbed in the creation of the monster; he absents himself from society and forsakes human contact. Frankenstein begins his research with the good intention of helping people, but his thoughts soon turn to the quest for power over life and to be recognized as the creator of a species . He became so caught up in his attempt to create life that he never thought about the consequences: â€Å"Learn from me, if not by my precepts, at least by my example, how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge, and how much happier that man is who believes his native town to be the world, than he who aspires to become greater than his nature will allow† (Shelley, ). The unlearned creature is thrown out into the world and is forced to discover the hidden meanings behind human life and society, on his own. Similarly, the more that the monster learns about his creation, the more he realizes that he is miserable: â€Å"Accursed creator! Why did you form a monster so hideous that even you turned from me in a disgust† (Shelley, 133). His knowledge, too, causes him immense pain. In both cases, their quest ended in pain, suggesting that this is the inevitable result of the pursuit of knowledge. He reflects: â€Å"O what a strange nature is knowledge! †¦ I wished sometimes to shake off all thought and all feeling† (Shelley, 123). Victor’s isolation is caused by his own greed for knowledge, whereas the monster has no choice, as he is rejected by society. Goodman Brown is a puritan waiting to begin his conversion experience to the Puritan doctrine. Although Goodman Brown was confident when entering into the forest with the devilish being, his temptations cause him to lose faith and become unsure of humanity and nature. However, at the end of Brown’s conversion experience, he is shocked to see that Faith is interacting with the devil because he considers her to be the most pure person in society. Brown describes the fearful nature of the wilderness after proclaiming his faith is gone: â€Å"The whole forest was peopled with frightful sounds – the creaking of the trees, the howling of the wild beasts, and the yell of Indians† (Hawthorne 395). The nature of man continues to be questioned when Goodman Brown experiences total depravity in the forest. He is witness to powerful and religious figures from his society participating in various forms of devil worship and witchcraft. His shock and horror of seeing those he respects as active members of this evil cause him to question his own purity: â€Å"Goodman Brown stepped forth from the shadow of the trees and approached the congregation, with whom he felt a loath full brotherhood by the sympathy of all that was wicked in his heart† (Hawthorne 397). Frankenstein and his creature are a prime example of the burden brought on one's life through incomplete knowledge. The pursuit of knowledge is not necessarily an evil thing, but it can cause destruction when it is pursued beyond natural limits. Victor Frankenstein becomes a slave to his passion for learning in more than one way; first his life is controlled by his obsession to create life, and later he becomes a slave to the monster he has created.

Michael Moores Bowling for Columbine the Main Emphasis Being on Its Satire and Sarcasm essays

Michael Moore's Bowling for Columbine the Main Emphasis Being on It's Satire and Sarcasm essays "Bowling for Columbine" by Michael Moore is a humorous and frightening movie, which basically is about the United States. This film shows the state of the Union, which is the intense anima of the United States of America. The movie shows that the people are frowning in every TV camera that has been directed towards them, blaming Satan and the things connected with him, like the TV itself, the Internet and the video games, which are so very liked and adored by kids and teenagers. This paper is about Michael Moore's movie Bowling for Columbine, the main emphasis being on its satire This film has the unique honor of being selected into the competition that is held at the Cannes Film Festival in 46 years. The bench in agreement and accord awarded it the 55th Anniversary Prize. Bowling for Columbine is in essence an expedition through America as well as the past of the Americans which in itself gives birth to a feeling of hope to discern why the quest of happiness in this world is closely attached with Michael Moore is a brave filmmaker who is able to walk into the consequence of a dreadful affair and thus does his best to answer that question. He has made a profession out of fixing himself in trouble time and time again whilst trying to make sense with the same. This should be kept in mind that United States is a country where nationalism and national loyalty is essentially a religion in its own, he has somehow or the other achieved to engrave a corner for himself as a political satirist and Prompted by America's worst-ever high school shooting, the film began its life as a documentary exploring gun culture in Americaland of the free, home of the brave and gun capital of the world. But this multi- layered work reaches far beyond its initial premise. In Moore ...

Definition and Examples of the Bandwagon Fallacy

Definition and Examples of the Bandwagon Fallacy Bandwagon is a  fallacy based on the assumption that the opinion of the majority is always valid: that is, everyone believes it, so you should too. It is also called an appeal to popularity, the authority of the many, and argumentum ad populum  (Latin for appeal to the people).  Argumentum  ad populum proves only that a belief is popular, not that its true. The fallacy occurs, says Alex Michalos in  Principles of Logic, when the appeal is offered in place of a convincing argument for the view in question. Examples Carling Lager, Britains Number One Lager (advertising slogan)The Steak Escape. Americas Favorite Cheesesteak (advertising slogan)[Margaret] Mitchell enhanced the GWTW [Gone With the Wind] mystique by never publishing another novel. But who would be so churlish as to want more? Read it. Ten million (and counting) Americans cant be wrong, can they? (John Sutherland, How to be Well Read. Random House, 2014) Hasty Conclusions Appeals to popularity are basically hasty conclusion fallacies. The data concerning the popularity of the belief are simply not sufficient to warrant accepting the belief. The logical error in an appeal to popularity lies in its inflating the value of popularity as evidence. (James Freeman [1995), quoted by Douglas Walton in  Appeal to Popular Opinion. Penn State Press, 1999) Majority Rules The majority opinion is valid most of the time. Most people believe that tigers do not make good household pets and that toddlers shouldnt drive...Nonetheless, there are times when the majority opinion is not valid, and following the majority will set one off track. There was a time when everyone believed the world was flat and a more recent time when the majority condoned slavery. As we gather new information and our cultural values change, so too does the majority opinion. Therefore, even though the majority is often right, the fluctuation of the majority opinion implies that a logically valid conclusion cannot be based on the majority alone. Thus, even if the majority of the country did support going to war with Iraq, the majority opinion is not sufficient for determining whether the decision was correct. (Robert J. Sternberg, Henry L. Roediger, and Diane F. Halpern, Critical Thinking in Psychology, Cambridge University Press, 2007) "Everyone's Doing It" The fact that Everyones doing it is frequently appealed to as a reason why people feel morally justified in acting in less than ideal ways. This is particularly true in business matters, where competitive pressures often conspire to make perfectly upright conduct seem difficult if not impossible. The Everyones doing it claim usually arises when we encounter a more or less prevalent form of behavior that is morally undesirable because it involves a practice that, on balance, causes harm people would like to avoid. Although it is rare that literally everyone else is engaged in this behavior, the Everyones doing it claim is meaningfully made whenever a practice is widespread enough to make ones own forbearing from this conduct seem pointless or needlessly self-destructive. (Ronald M Green, When Is Everybodys Doing It a Moral Justification? ​Moral Issues in Business, 13th ed., edited by William H Shaw and Vincent Barry, Cengage, 2016)​ Presidents and Polls As George Stephanopoulos wrote in his memoir, Mr. [Dick] Morris lived by a 60 percent rule: If 6 out of 10 Americans were in favor of something, Bill Clinton had to be, too... The nadir of Bill Clintons presidency was when he asked Dick Morris to poll on whether he should tell the truth about Monica Lewinsky. But by that point he had already turned the ideal of the presidency upside down, letting arithmetic trump integrity as he painted his policies, principles and even his family vacations by the numbers. (Maureen Dowd, Addiction to Addition, The New York Times, April 3, 2002)

Designing a Receptive Skills Lesson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Designing a Receptive Skills Lesson - Essay Example One of the main ways of ensuring that the students are interested in what is being taught is to make the lesson more interesting, in a more personal manner if possible. One of the ways to achieve the latter is to use prediction in that before indulging in the topic, the students get the chance to brainstorm on what the topic is all about so that they can get the chance to express their ideologies as well as their understandings. The reason for the emphasis on the personal learning is due to the sense that people get to learn more when they are â€Å"involved personally in the topic† (Barone, 2011, p 38). The reason for the latter is on the basis that when students are involved in the topic, they are able to use their personal knowledge on the topic, which makes it one of the best ways of learning because people learn what is personally relevant to them. The material to be used as per this receptive skill lesson is the influence of micro blog on the movie attendance as obtained from http://www.enread.com/science/94834.html. The activities as per this lesson have been designed to suit an upper intermediate class in the C1 CEFR level. Aims of the lesson The aims of this lesson are stated in their level of importance. The first aim for the students is based on their basic reading skills. To enhance their basic reading skills, detailed reading will be conducted. In addition, the students will receive information through the technique of finding words as well as phrases in the texts. The second part is aimed at the improvement of the students’ gist reading, listening and reading skills . To achieve this, the students will receive a skimming practice for the gist through the selection of the relevant summaries provided to them. The last language skills that the students are going to learn are the speaking skills. The reason for this is so that the students are able ‘to improve their expertise of discussions’ through the use of groups, which can help them deliberate their human experiences with each other. This is mainly for the purpose of improving their speaking skills (Thompson, 2007, p 48). Tasks overviews Since the main theme that is persistent in the source text is that of the influence of micro blog on the movie attendance, as a start to the lesson, the first thing will be to get the students to be deeply involved in the material that is being taught (Appendix 1). To get them to be interested in the subject matter mentioned in the latter, I will at first tell them to find the main idea sentence and read it aloud to help them improve on their reading skills. Secondly, I will give the students some time to ensure that they get the chance to understand the topic as well as understand what it is all about - this is for the purpose of improving their listening skills. The next thing is to get them to discuss on how they would answer why the micro blog is so influential to a person who does not have a clue about what t he topic states. The reason why this question is important as per this lesson is because it will get their imagination to work, since they will have to think of some of the most basic concepts that are related to what they have read and find the right words to express themselves and using the speaking skills that they have gained; they will be able to express themselves properly. The group engagements will also enable the students to think of

The Nurse-Client Negotiations Model Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Nurse-Client Negotiations Model - Assignment Example I chose this model because it recognizes discrepancies that exist between notions of the nurse and client about health, illness, and treatments. This model attempts to bridge the gap between the scientific perspectives of the nurse and the popular perspectives of the client. Fundamental to understanding this model, one must recognize that most social systems include three structural arena of health care within which sickness is reacted to and experienced. The concept of popular, professional, and folk arenas is used to compare medical systems as cultural systems. Each arena or domain possesses its own model for explaining health and illness (Kleinman, 1978). This arena comprises the family context of sickness and care, including the social network and community perspective. In both Western and non-Western societies, approximately seventy percent to ninety percent of sickness is managed solely within this domain. The nurse-client negotiations model serves as a framework to attend to the culture of the nurse as well as the culture of the client. In addition to the professional culture, each nurse has his or her own personal beliefs and values, which may operate without the nurse being fully aware of them. These beliefs and values may influence nurse's interactions with patients and families. Each arena (sector) in the model can be viewed as a social cultural system with its own values, norms of behavior, beliefs, and ways of explaining health and illness. Explanations of the same phenomena may yield different interpretations based on the cultural perspective of the layperson or the professional. Anderson (1987) provided examples of different perspectives of the same intervention: Putting lightweight bedclothes on a patient may be interpreted by family members as placing their loved one at risk for "getting a chill," whereas the nurse will use this technique to prevent or reduce a fever; a Jeh ovah's Witness family considers a blood transfusion for their child as contamination of the child's body, whereas the nurse and other healthcare team members believe a transfusion is a lifesaving treatment. Important Aspect The important aspect of this model is that it can open lines of communication between the nurse and the patient/family. It helps each understand how the other interprets or values a problem or practice such that they respect one another's goals. Negotiations Negotiation implies a mutual exchange of information between the nurse and client. The nurse should begin negotiation by learning from the client' s about their understanding of their situation, their interpretations of illness and symptoms, the symbolic meaning they attach to an event, and their notions about treatment. Contingency contracting is a form of negotiation used in nursing in which negotiations focus on the values of goods to be forgone and

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 8

Globalization - Essay Example It is due to those encounters found on the pages of world history that several phenomena like exchange of ideas, thoughts, ambition, trade and technology have evolved giving rise to globalization. Phenomena of different centuries that have played the most important roles in globalization Several phenomena of different centuries have played the most important roles in globalization. These phenomena are the ideas, ambition and plan of accession to the thrown in order to gain complete control of the bureaucracy, military and thereafter to play a national role in the overall development of their nations through exchange with the international community. The regimes of President Assad in Syria and Saddam Hussein in Iraq since the 1960s indicate that these phenomena have led the path of establishment of self-identity for the nations, like Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, Persian Gulf, etc., and created a platform of equality with the international community where exchange of trade and technology could take place. The fourth largest city in Syria is Hama, where Assad followed the Hama rule, which states, â€Å"Rule or Die† (Hureau 105). ... The phenomena of women’s empowerment over the centuries have also fostered the spread of globalization. The position of women in the oldest civilizations of China and India depicts the inferior status of women in the previous 600 hundred years of history. The societies were majorly patriarchal societies with power and influence of decision making in the hands of the men. The physical and psychological inferiority of women hindered the output of potential of the women. The women in China were influenced by the Confucian culture whereas in India, the women were dominated by the religious and cultural aspects of moral duties and obedience. With the growing dominance of men over women, the liberalization efforts on the part of women were observed in their struggle for equality. The willingness of attainment of equal status with the men opened the doors of the world, which led to their access to rights and legislative powers. Thus, the participation in the world platform and the fr eedom to be a part of the interaction between the communities led to the process of globalization. The phenomena of taxation in trade from the 16th century has played significant role in the spread of globalization. This could be observed in the Iranian history. Influenced by the bribes offered by the British colonial rule, the then ruler Nassir Ed-Din Shah sold monopoly rights to the imperial power. The Iranians received a considerable fixed amount on a monthly basis plus a quarter of the net profits. A sabotage act by the imperial rule stopped the payments to the Iranian empire in order to increase own profits of the trade. This led to a rise of national sentiments, and the farmers, peasants, and the trade agents revolted against the ruler. Ultimately, Nassir Ed-Din Shah was assassinated.

Dual Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number and Its Applications

Dual Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number and Its Applications Jon Arockiaraj. J, Pathinathan.T, Revathy.S Abstract: In this paper, we introduce Convergence of ÃŽ ±-Cut. We define at which point the ÃŽ ±-Cut converges to the fuzzy numbers it will be illustrated by example using dual trapezoidal fuzzy number and Some elementary applications on mensuration are numerically illustrated with approximated values. KeyWords: Fuzzy number, ÃŽ ±-Cut, Dual trapezoidal fuzzy number, Defuzzification. Introduction: Fuzzy sets have been introduced by Lotfi. A. Zadeh (1965). Fuzzy numbers were first introduce by Zadeh in 1975.There after theory of fuzzy number was further studied and developed by Dubois and Prade, R.Yager Mizomoto, J.Buckly and Many others. Since then many workers studied the theory of fuzzy numbers and achieved fruitful results. The fuzziness can be represented by different ways one of the most useful representation is membership function. Also depending the nature and shape of the membership function the fuzzy number can be classified in different forms, such as triangular fuzzy number, trapezoidal fuzzy number etc. A fuzzy number is a quantity whose values are imprecise, rather than exact as is the case with single valued number. Fuzzy numbers are used in statistics computer programming, engineering and experimental science. So far fuzzy numbers like triangular fuzzy number, trapezoidal fuzzy numbers, pentagonal, hexagonal, octagonal pyramid and diamond fuzzy numbers have been introduced with its membership functions. These numbers have got many applications like non-linear equations, risk analysis and reliability. In this paper, we introduce Dual trapezoidal fuzzy numbers with its membership functions and its applications. Section one presents the introduction, section two presents the basic definition of fuzzy numbers section three presents Dual trapezoidal fuzzy numbers and its applications and in the final section we give conclusion. 2. Basic Definitions Definition 2.1: (Fuzzy set) A fuzzy set A in a universe of discourse X is defined as the following set of pairs A= {(x,  µA(x)): xX} Here  µA(x) : x is a mapping called the degree of membership function of the fuzzy set A and  µA(x) is called the membership value of xX in the fuzzy set These membership grades are often represented by real numbers ranging from [0, 1]. Definition 2.2: (Fuzzy Number) A fuzzy set A defined on the universal set of real number R is said to be a fuzzy number if its membership function has satisfy the following characteristics. ( i) ÃŽ ¼A (x) is a piecewise continuous (ii) A is convex, i.e.,  µA (ÃŽ ±x1 + (1-ÃŽ ±) x2) ≠¥ min ( µA(x1),  µA(x2)) É  x1 ,x2R É  ÃŽ ±[0,1] (iii) A is normal, i.e., there exist xo R such that  µA (xo)=1 Definition 2.3: (Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number) A trapezoidal fuzzy number represented with four points as A = (a b c d), Where all a, b, c, d are real numbers and its membership function is given below where a≠¤ b≠¤ c≠¤ d  µA(x)= 3. DUAL TRAPEZOIDAL FUZZY NUMBER Definition 3.1: (Dual Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number) A Dual Trapezoidal fuzzy number of a fuzzy set A is defined as ADT= {a, b, c, d (ÃŽ ±)} Where all a, b, c, d are real numbers and its membership function is given below where a≠¤b≠¤c≠¤d  µDT(x) = where ÃŽ ± is the base of the trapezoidal and also for the inverted reflection of the above trapezoidal namely a b c d Figure: Graphical Representation of Dual Trapezoidal fuzzy Number 3.2 DEFUZZIFICATION: Let ADT= (a, b, c, d, à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡) be a dual trapezoidal fuzzy number .The defuzzification value of ADT is an approximate real number. There are many method for defuzzification such as Centroid Method, Mean of Interval Method , Removal Area Method etc. In this Paper We have used Centroid area method for defuzzification . CENTROID OF AREA METHOED: Centroid of area method or centry of gravity method. It obtains the centre of area (X*) occupied by the fuzzy sets.It can be expressed as X* = Defuzzification Value for dual trapezoidal fuzzy number: Let ADT= {a, b, c, d (ÃŽ ±)} be a DTrFN with its membership function  µDT(x) = Using centroid area method +dx+++dx = + + + + + = = = ++ dx+++dx = = = c + d – a b Defuzzification = = = 3.3 APPLICATION In this section. We have discussed the convergence of à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-cut using the example of dual trapezoidal fuzzy number. CONVERGENCE OF ÃŽ ±-CUT : Let ADT = {a, b, c, d, (à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡) } be a dual trapezoidal fuzzy number whose membership function function is given as  µDT(x) = To find à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-cut of ADT .We first set à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ [0,1] to both left and right reference functions of ADT. Expressing X in terms of à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ which gives à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-cut of ADT. à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡= à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã‚ ¨ x l= a+ (b-a) à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡= à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã‚ ¨ x r =d-(d-c) à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã‚ ¨ Aà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡DT= [a+ (b-a) à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡, d-(d-c) à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡] In ordinary to find à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-cut, we give à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ values as 0 or 0.5 or 1 in the interval [0, 1] .Instead of giving these values for à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡. we divide the interval [0,1] as many continuous subinterval. If we give very small values for à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡, the à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-cut converges to a fuzzy number [a, d] in the domain of X it will be illustrated by example as given below. Example: ADT = (-6,-4, 3, 6) and its membership function will be  µDT(x) = ÃŽ ±- cut of dual Trapezoidal fuzzy Number à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ = (x l + 6)/2 Xl = 2à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-6 à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ = (6 xr)/3 Xr = 6-3à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ 2à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-6, 6-3à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/10 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ = [-5. 8 , 5.7] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/102 then ADT =[-5.98 , 5.97] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/103 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ = [-5.998 , 5.997] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/104 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[-5.9998 , 5.9997] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/105 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[-5.99998 , 5.99997 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/106 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ -5.999998 , 5.999997 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/107 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ -5.9999998 , 5.9999997, ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/108 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ -5.99999998 , 5.99999997 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/109 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ -5.999999998 , 5.999999997] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/1010 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[-6 , 6] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/1011 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[-6 , 6] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/1012 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ =[-6 , 6] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/1013 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ =[-6 , 6 ] †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..etc When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=1/10n as n →∞ then the à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-cut converges to ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[-6, 6 ] Figure: Graphical Representation of convergence of à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-cut When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/10 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡= [ -5.6,5.4 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/102 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡= [ -5.96,5.94 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/103 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ -5.996,5.994 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/104 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ , -5.9996,5.9994 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/105 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ , -5.99996,5.99994 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/106 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ , -5.999996,5.999994 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/107 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[-5.9999996, 5.9999994 , ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/108 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ , -5.99999996,5.99999994 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/109 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ , -5.999999996,5.999999994 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/1010 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ , -6,6 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/1011 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ -6,6 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/1012 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ -6,6 ] When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/1013 then ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ -6,6] †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦etc When à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=2/10n as n →∞ then the à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡-cut converges to ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=[ -6,6 ] Simillarly, à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡=3/10n,4/10n,5/10n,6/10n,7/10n,8/10n,9/10n,10/10n upto these value n varies from 1to ∞ after 11/10n,12/10n†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..100/10n as n varies from 2 to ∞ and101/10n,102/10n†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. as n varies from 3 to ∞ and the process is goes on like this if we give the value for à °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ it will converges to the dual trapezoidal fuzzy number[-6,6] From the above example we conclude that , In general we have { K/10n} if we give different values for K as n- varies upto to ∞ if we give as n tends to ∞ then the values of ADTà °Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å¡ converges to the fuzzy number[a,d] in the domain X. 3.4 APPLICATIONS In this section we have numerically solved some elementary problems of mensuration based on arithmetic operation using defuzzified centroid area method 1.Perimeter of Rectangle: Let the length and breadth of a rectangle are two positive dual trapezoidal fuzzy numbers ADT = (10cm, 11cm, 12cm,13cm) and BDT = (4cm, 5cm,6cm,7cm) then perimeter CDT of rectangle is 2[ADT+BDT] Therefore the perimeter of the rectangle is a dual trapezoidal fuzzy number CDT = (28cm, 32cm,36cm,40cm) and its membership functions  µDT(x) = The Perimeter of the rectangle is not less than 28 and not greater than 40 .The perimeter value takes between 32 to 36. Centroid area method: X* = = = = = 34 The approximate value of the perimeter of the rectangle is 34 cm. 2.Length of Rod: Let length of a rod is a positive DTrFN ADT = (10cm,11cm,12cm, 13cm). If the length BDT = (5cm, 6cm , 7cm, 8cm), a DTrFN is cut off from this rod then the remaining length of the rod CDT is [ADT(-)BDT] The remaining length of the rod is a DTrFN CDT = (2cm, 4cm, 6cm, 8cm) and its membership function  µDT(x) = The remaining length of the rod is not less than 2cm and not greater than 8cm.The length of the rod takes the value between 4cm and 6cm. Centroid area method: X* = = = = = 5 The approximate value of the remaining length of the rod is 5cm. 3.Length of a Rectangle: Let the area and breadth of a rectangle are two positive dual trapezoidal fuzzy numbers ADT=(36cm,40cm,44cm,48cm) and BDT=(3cm,4cm,5cm,6cm) then the length CDT of the rectangle is is ADT(:)BDT. Therefore the length of the rectangle is a dual trapezoidal fuzzy number CDT=(6cm,8cm,11cm,16cm) and its membership functions  µDT(x) = The length of the rectangle is not less than 6cm and not greater than 16cm .The length of the rectangle takes the value between 8cm and 11cm. Centroid area method: X * = = = = 10.38 The approximate value of the length of the rectangle is 10.38cm. 4. Area of the Rectangle: Let the length and breadth of a rectangle are two positive dual trapezoidal fuzzy numbers ADT=(3cm,4cm,5cm,6cm) and BDT=(8cm,9cm,10cm,11cm) then the area of rectangle is ADT(.) BDT Therefore the area of the rectangle is a dual trapezoidal fuzzy number CDT= (24cm, 36cm, 50cm, 66cm) and its membership functions  µDT(x) = The area of the rectangle not less than 24 and not greater than 66.The area of the reactangle takes the value between 36 and 50. Centroid area method: X * = = = = 44.167sq.cm 4.CONCLUSION: In this paper, we have worked on DTrFN .We have define the Convergence of ÃŽ ±-Cut to the fuzzy number. We have solved numerically some problems of mensuration based on operations using DTrFN and we have calculated the approximate values. Further DTrFN can be used in various problem of engineering and mathematical science. 5. References [1] Sanhita Banerjee, Tapan Kumar Roy Arithmetic Operations on Generalized Trapezoidal Fuzzy Number and its Applications TJFS: Turkish Journal of Fuzzy Systems (eISSN: 1309–1190) An Official Journal of Turkish Fuzzy Systems Association Vol.3, No.1, pp. 16-44, 2012. [2] Bansal. A., (2010), some non- linear arithmetic operations on triangular fuzzy number (m, ÃŽ ±, ÃŽ ²), Advances in Fuzzy Mathematics, 5,147-156. [3] G. J. Klir, Bo Yuan, Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy logic, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, (2005). [4] C. Parvathi, C. 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